|
|
|
|
|
|
| 上 |
うえ,
うわ,
かみ,
じょう,
|
up,
top,
raise,
go up,
best,
upper part,
government,
|
5 |
上
うえ
- (n,adj-no,n-adv,n-suf) above
- up
- over
- top
- summit
- surface
- on
- before
- previous
- superiority
- one's superior (i.e. one's elder)
- on top of that
- besides
- what's more
- upon (further inspection, etc.)
- based on (and occurring after)
- matters concerning...
- as concerns ...
- since (i.e. "for that reason")
- suffix indicating higher social standing noun, used as a suffix, honorific or respectful language (sonkeigo) language,
- place of one's superior (i.e. the throne) archaism,
- emperor archaism,
- sovereign
- shogun
- daimyo
- noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman) archaism,
上
うわ
- upper
- upward
- outer
- surface
- top
上
かみ
- upper reaches (of a river) noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- upper stream
- top
- upper part
- upper half (of the body)
- long ago
- beginning
- first
- person of high rank (e.g. the emperor) honorific or respectful language (sonkeigo) language,
- government
- imperial court
- imperial capital (i.e. Kyoto)
- capital region (i.e. Kansai)
- region (or direction of) the imperial palace
- head (of a table)
- wife honorific or respectful language (sonkeigo) language,
- mistress (of a restaurant)
上
じょう
- from the standpoint of noun, used as a suffix,
- as a matter of (e.g. fact)
- in the field of
- being of the type of
- aboard (a ship or vehicle) noun, used as a suffix,
- on top of
- on
- above
- first volume (e.g. book) noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- superior quality
- best
- top
- high class
- going up
- governmental
- imperial
- presenting
- showing
屋上
おくじょう
- rooftop noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
|
| 下 |
か,
げ,
した,
しも,
もと,
|
lower part,
come down,
give,
let down,
descent,
take down,
reduce (rank) ,
low class,
inferiority,
|
6 |
下
か
- under (being in said condition or environment) suffix,
下
げ
- lowness (of degree, value, etc.) noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- inferiority
- second volume
- third volume
下
した
- below noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- down
- under
- bottom
- beneath
- underneath
- just after
- right after
- inferiority
- one's inferior (i.e. one's junior)
- younger (e.g. of siblings)
- trade-in
- preliminary noun, used as a prefix,
- preparatory
下
しも
- lower reaches (of a river) noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- bottom
- lower part
- lower half (of the body, esp. the privates)
- feces
- urine
- menses
- end
- far from the imperial palace (i.e. far from Kyoto, esp. of western Japan)
- dirty (e.g. dirty jokes, etc.) nouns which may take the genitive case particle no,
下
もと
- under (esp. influence or guidance) an adverb (fukushi),
地下鉄
ちかてつ
- underground train noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- subway
|
| 中 |
うち,
じゅう,
ちゅう,
なか,
|
center,
middle,
inside,
during,
within,
|
10 |
中古
ちゅうこ
- (n-t,adj-no) used
- second-hand
- old
- Middle Ages noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
中古
ちゅうぶる
- (n-t,adj-no) used
- second-hand
- old
中
うち
- inside
- within
- while
- among
- amongst
- between
- (pn,adj-no) we (referring to one's in-group, i.e. company, etc.)
- (pn,adj-no) my spouse
- imperial palace grounds noun (common) (futsuumeishi), archaism,
- emperor archaism,
- (pn,adj-no) I (primarily used by women and children) Kansai-ben,
- me
中
じゅう
- through suffix,
- throughout
- in the course of
- all over or throughout (e.g. a place)
中
ちゅう
- medium suffix,
- average
- middle
- moderation
- middle school an abbreviation,
- China an abbreviation,
- in noun, used as a suffix,
- out of (e.g. three out of ten people)
- during (a certain time when one did or is doing something) noun, used as a suffix,
- under (construction, etc.)
- while
中
なか
- inside noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- in
- among
- within
- center
- middle
- during
- while
中国
ちゅうごく
- China noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- South-west most region of Honshu
- middle of a country
- the Hiroshima area
中学校
ちゅうがっこう
- junior high school noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- middle school
- lower secondary school
中学生
ちゅうがくせい
- junior high school student noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- middle school pupil
午前中
ごぜんちゅう
- this morning noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- in the morning
- throughout the morning
|
| 外 |
がい,
そと,
ほか,
|
outside,
some other place,
the rest,
take off,
come off,
without,
|
1 |
外国
がいこく
- foreign country
|
| 前 |
さき,
ぜん,
まえ,
|
front,
ago,
before,
|
5 |
前
さき
- (n,adj-no,n-suf,pref) previous
- prior
- former
- some time ago
- preceding
- point (e.g. pencil)
- tip
- end
- nozzle
- head (of a line)
- front
- ahead
- the other side
- the future
- hereafter
- destination
- the other party
前
ぜん
- the last (i.e. immediately preceding) (e.g. "the last mayor") noun, used as a prefix,
- previous
- one-time
- former
- (before the name of an era) pre- (e.g. "premodern")
- before
- earlier
前
まえ
- (n-adv,n-t,suf) ago
- before (some event)
- previously
- to
- in front
- before (e.g. the house)
- head (of a line)
- front (e.g. of a bus)
- fore part
- in the presence of
- helping
- portion
- privates
- private parts
名前
なまえ
- name noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- full name
- given name
- first name
午前中
ごぜんちゅう
- this morning noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- in the morning
- throughout the morning
|
| 後 |
あと,
うしろ,
ご,
しり,
のち,
|
after,
back,
rear,
be late,
(clocks) lose,
behind,
|
2 |
後ろ
うしろ
- back noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- behind
- rear
午後
ごご
- (n-adv,n-t) afternoon
- p.m.
|
| 右 |
みぎ,
|
right,
|
1 |
右
みぎ
- right noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- right hand side
- afore-mentioned (esp. in vertical Japanese writing)
- foregoing
- forgoing
- above
|
| 左 |
さ,
ひだり,
|
left,
|
2 |
左
さ
- left (esp. in vertical Japanese writing)
- the following
左
ひだり
- left noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- left hand side
|
| 午 |
うま,
ひる,
|
11 a.m.-1 p.m.,
7th zodiac sign,
|
2 |
午前中
ごぜんちゅう
- this morning noun (common) (futsuumeishi),
- in the morning
- throughout the morning
午後
ごご
- (n-adv,n-t) afternoon
- p.m.
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